JavaScript Object Notation - JSON

JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data format used for representing structured data in a text format. It is commonly used for data exchange between a server and a web application. JSON is easy for humans to read and write, and easy for machines to parse and generate.

Here are some basic features of JSON:

1. Syntax:

   • JSON data is organized in key-value pairs.
   • A JSON object is enclosed in curly braces {}.
   • A JSON array is enclosed in square brackets [].

2. Data Types:

   • Strings: "Hello"
   • Numbers: 123 or 12.34
   • Objects: {"key": "value"}
   • Arrays: ["element1", "element2"]
   • Booleans: true or false
   • Null: null

3. Example:

{
    "name": "John Doe",
    "age": 25,
    "address": {
        "street": "123 Main St",
        "city": "Anytown"
    },
    "hobbies": ["reading", "writing", "traveling"]
}

In this example, the JSON object contains information about a person including their name, age, address, and hobbies.

4. Uses:
   • Web APIs: JSON is often used in web APIs to exchange data between clients and servers.
   • Configuration files: Many applications use JSON files for configuration.
   • Databases: Some NoSQL databases like MongoDB store data in a JSON-like BSON format.

JSON has become a standard format for data exchange on the web due to its simplicity and flexibility.